ʻO PU ka pōkole o ka English poly urethane, ka inoa Kina "polyurethane". ʻO ka ʻili PU ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana polyurethane. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ukana, nā lole, nā kāmaʻa, nā kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻonaninani.
ʻO ka ʻili Pu kahi ʻano ʻili synthetic, ʻo kāna ʻano hoʻohui i nā ʻano aʻe:
1. Substrate: Hoʻohana maʻamau i ka lole fiber, fiber film a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ke kumu kumu e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili Pu.
2. Emulsion: ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka emulsion resin synthetic a i ʻole emulsion kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano he mea uhi hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano a me ka palupalu o ka ʻili Pu.
3. Nā mea hoʻohui: me nā plasticizers, nā huiʻana, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā ultraviolet absorbers, a me nā mea'ē aʻe, hiki i kēia mau mea hoʻohui ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika, ka lōʻihi, ke kū'ēʻana i ka wai, ka pollution resistance a me ka pale UV o kaʻili Pu.
4. Astringent Media: Astringent media maʻamau he acidifier, hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomalu i ka waiwai pH o ka ʻili Pu, i mea e maʻalahi ai ka hui ʻana o ka uhi a me ka substrate, i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili Pu a me ke ola.
ʻO nā mea i luna aʻe nā mea nui o ka ʻili Pu, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻili maoli, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻili Pu, ʻoi aku ka wai a me ka liʻiliʻi, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke ʻano, permeability a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ka ʻili maoli.
Ma Kina, hoʻohana ʻia nā kānaka i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka resin PU ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻili artificial i kapa ʻia ʻo PU ʻili ʻili (i kapa ʻia ʻo PU ʻili); ʻO ka ʻili artificial i hana ʻia me ka resin PU a me ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia e like me nā mea maka i kapa ʻia ʻo PU synthetic leather (i kapa ʻia he ʻili synthetic). He mea maʻamau ke kuhikuhi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻili ʻekolu ma luna nei he ʻili synthetic. Pehea ʻoe e inoa ai? Pono e hoʻohui a hoʻohālikelike ʻia e hāʻawi i kahi inoa kūpono.
ʻO ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic kahi mea nui o ka ʻoihana plastic a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole o ka ʻoihana aupuni. ʻO ka ʻili artificial, ka hana ʻili synthetic ma ka honua i ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau makahiki o ka mōʻaukala hoʻomohala, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kina e hoʻomohala a hana i ka ʻili kūlohelohe mai 1958, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala mua loa i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana plastik o Kina. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻoihana ʻili synthetic o Kina ʻaʻole wale ka ulu ʻana o nā laina hana hana o nā ʻoihana hana, ka ulu ʻana o ka huahana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻonui nā ʻano a me nā kala i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana. ʻO kāna hui ʻoihana ponoʻī, nui ka hui ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā ʻili ʻili a Kina a me nā ʻoihana ʻili synthetic, me nā ʻoihana pili i hui pū ʻia. Hoʻomohala ʻia i kahi ʻoihana me ka ikaika nui.
Ma hope o ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, ka ʻili synthetic PU ma hope o 30 mau makahiki o ka noiʻi hoʻolaʻa a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana e nā loea ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, ma ke ʻano he pani kūpono no ka ʻili maoli, ua loaʻa i ka holomua ʻenehana holomua.
Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka PU i uhi ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka lole ma ka mākeke i ka makahiki 1950, a ma 1964, ua hoʻomohala ka hui ʻo DuPont ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kahi ʻili synthetic PU no ka luna. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka hui Kepani i kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā laina hana me ka puka makahiki o 600,000 square meters, ma hope o 20 mau makahiki o ka noiʻi mau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua ulu wikiwiki ka ʻili synthetic PU i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, nā ʻano like ʻole, a i ʻole nā hua. Ke hoʻokokoke nei kāna hana i ka ʻili maoli, a ʻoi aku kekahi mau waiwai ma mua o ka ʻili maoli, a hiki i ke degere o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka hoʻopunipuni me ka ʻili maoli, e noho ana i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ke ola o ke kanaka i kēlā me kēia lā.
I kēia lā, ʻo Iapana ka mea hana nui loa o ka ʻili synthetic, a ʻo nā huahana o kekahi mau hui e like me Coroli, Teijin, Toray, a me Bell Textile e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala honua i nā makahiki 1990. Ke ulu nei kāna hana fiber a me ka lole ʻole i ulana ʻia i ka hopena ultra-fine, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ʻole. Kona PU manufacturing a hiki i ke kuhikuhi o PU hoopuehu, PU wai emulsion, huahana noi kahua hoomau i ka hoonui, mai ka hoomaka ana o na kamaa, eke i ka lole, poepoe, mea hoʻonani a me ka kūikawā noi kahua, ma na mea a pau o ka poe o kela la i keia ola.
ʻili hana
ʻO ka ʻili artificial ka mea i hana mua ʻia no ka lole ʻili lole, ua hana ʻia me ka PVC me ka plasticizer a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i ʻōwili ʻia i ka lole, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka momona momona, nā ʻano like ʻole, maʻalahi ka paʻakikī, palupalu. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻili synthetic PU e hoʻololi i ka ʻili artificial PVC, ʻoi aku kona kumukūʻai ma mua o ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC. Mai ka hana kemika, kokoke loa ia i ka lole ʻili, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i nā plasticizers e hoʻokō ai i nā waiwai palupalu, no laila ʻaʻole ia e lilo i paʻakikī, palupalu, a loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ke kala momona, nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka lole ʻili, no laila e hoʻokipa ʻia e nā mea kūʻai.
Aia kekahi ʻano o ka ʻili PU, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ka papa lua o ka ʻili, i uhi ʻia me kahi papa o ka resin PU ma ka ʻili, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he ʻili kiʻiʻoniʻoni. ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana. Me ka hoʻololiʻana o ke kaʻina hana i hanaʻia i loko o nāʻano likeʻole o nāʻano likeʻole, e like me ka laweʻiaʻana oʻelua papa o kaʻili, no ke kaʻina hana kūikawā, ka maikaʻi paʻa, nāʻano moʻolelo a me nāʻano'ē aʻe, no kaʻili kiʻekiʻe, ke kumu kūʻai a me ka heluʻaʻole. liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka papa mua o ka ʻili. ʻO nāʻekeʻili PU a me nāʻekeʻili maoli i ko lākou mauʻano pono'ī, nāʻekeʻili PU ke nānā aku i ka nani, maʻalahi ka mālamaʻana, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, akā,ʻaʻole hiki keʻaʻahu, maʻalahi e wāwahi; He pipiʻi a paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili maoli, akā paʻa.
ʻO ka lole ʻili a me ka ʻili ʻili PVC, ka ʻili synthetic pu me nā ala ʻelua e ʻike ai: ʻo ka mua, ʻo ke degere o ka palupalu o ka ʻili, palupalu loa ka ʻili, paʻakikī ka pu, no laila hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pu i nā kāmaʻa ʻili; ʻO ka lua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka puhi ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e ʻike ai, ʻo ke ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka lole ma ke ahi, ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ka lole ʻili, a me ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, ka ʻili synthetic PU.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻili ʻili PVC a me ka ʻili synthetic PU ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaila, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻāpana lole liʻiliʻi, hoʻokomo i loko o ka ʻaila no ka hapalua hola, a laila lawe i waho, inā ʻo ia. ʻO ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, e lilo ia i mea paʻakikī a palupalu, inā he ʻili synthetic PU, ʻaʻole ia e lilo i paʻakikī a palupalu.
ʻO ka ʻili maoli ma muli o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe maikaʻi loa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā a me nā huahana ʻoihana, akā me ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua, ua pālua ʻia ka makemake o ke kanaka no ka ʻili, ua lōʻihi ka hiki ʻole o ka ʻili maoli ke hoʻokō i nā pono o nā kānaka. . I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia kū'ē'ē, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻepekema e noiʻi a hoʻomohala i ka ʻili kūlohelohe a me ka ʻili synthetic i nā makahiki i hala aku nei e hoʻoponopono i ka nele o ka ʻili maoli. ʻO ke kaʻina hana mōʻaukala ma mua o 50 mau makahiki o ka noiʻi ʻana, ʻo ia ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻili kūlohelohe a me ka ʻili synthetic e hoʻokūkū nei i ka ʻili maoli.
Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻepekema ma ke aʻo ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka haku mele a me ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka ʻili maoli, e hoʻomaka ana me ka linoleum nitrocellulose, a komo i ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, ʻo ia ka hanauna mua o ka ʻili hana. Ma kēia kumu, ua hana nā ʻepekema i nā hoʻomaikaʻi a me ka ʻimi ʻana, ʻo ka mea mua, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka substrate, a laila ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka resin coating. Ma ka 1970s, ua ʻike ʻia ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia o ka fiber synthetic i ka mesh, hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka mesh a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe, i loaʻa i ka mea kumu he ʻāpana lotuslike, hollow fiber, e hoʻokō ai i kahi ʻano porous, a hoʻokō i nā koi o ka ʻoihana pūnaewele. ʻili maoli; I kēlā manawa, ua hiki i ka ʻili o ka ʻili synthetic ke hoʻokō i kahi papa polyurethane micro-porous, e like me ka ʻili palaoa o ka ʻili maoli, no laila ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o loko o ka ʻili synthetic PU e kokoke kokoke i ka kūlohelohe. ʻO kaʻili, nā waiwai kino'ē aʻe e pili kokoke ana i ka helu o kaʻili maoli, aʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala ma mua o kaʻili maoli; ʻO ka pale pale ma ka lumi wela e hiki i ka 1 miliona mau manawa, a ʻo ka pale ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiki ke piʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻili maoli.
ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o ka ʻili synthetic PU microfiber ke kolu o ka hanauna o ka ʻili artificial. ʻO ka lole i ulanaʻoleʻia o kāna pūnaewele hoʻolālāʻekolu e hana i nā kūlana no kaʻili synthetic e hopu i kaʻili maoli ma keʻano o ka substrate. ʻO kēia huahana, i hui pū ʻia me ka impregnation PU slurry hou i kūkulu ʻia me ka hoʻolālā cell open a me ka ʻenehana hana o ka papa honua composite, hoʻohana i ka nui o ka ʻili a me ka hoʻoheheʻe wai ikaika o ka microfiber, e hana ana i ka ʻili synthetic PU ultra-fine i loaʻa i ka moisture absorption. nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻili maoli o ka puʻupuʻu o ka ultra-fine collagen fiber, no laila ʻaʻohe mea mai ka microstructure kūloko, A i ʻole ke ʻano o ke ʻano a me nā ʻano kino a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka poʻe, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻili kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka ʻili microfiber synthetic ma mua o ka ʻili kūlohelohe i ke kūʻē kemika, ka like ʻana o ka maikaʻi, ka hana nui a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka adaptability, wai wai, anti-mildew a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻoia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā waiwai maikaʻi o ka ʻili synthetic e ka ʻili maoli, mai ka nānā ʻana i ka mākeke kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē, ua hoʻololi pū ka ʻili synthetic i ka nui o ka ʻili maoli me ka lawa ʻole o nā kumu waiwai. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic e hana i nā ʻeke, nā lole, nā kāmaʻa, nā kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻonani hale, ua ʻike nui ʻia e ka mākeke, kona ākea ākea, ka nui o nā ʻano nui, nā ʻano like ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki i ka ʻili kūlohelohe kūlohelohe. hui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-29-2024