I ka wā e pili ana i nā mea holomua, ʻo ka silicone he kumuhana wela. ʻO ka Silicone kahi ʻano mea polymer i loaʻa ke silika, carbon, hydrogen a me ka oxygen. He ʻokoʻa loa ia mai nā mea silika inorganic a hōʻike i ka hana maikaʻi loa ma nā kula he nui. E nānā hohonu kākou i nā hiʻohiʻona, ke kaʻina hana ʻike a me ke kuhikuhi noi ʻana o ka silicone.
ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke silikoni a me ke silika anorganic:
ʻO ka mea mua, aia nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻolālā kemika ma waena o ke silikoni a me ka silika inorganic. ʻO ka silikoni kahi mea polymer i haku ʻia me ke silika a me ke kalapona, ka hydrogen, ka oxygen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, aʻo ka silicon inorganic ka mea nui e pili ana i nā pūhui inorganic i hana ʻia e ke silika a me ka oxygen, e like me ka silicon dioxide (SiO2). Hāʻawi ka ʻōnaehana carbon-based o silicone iā ia i ka elasticity a me ka plasticity, e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka noi. Ma muli o nā hiʻohiʻona molecular structure o ke silicone, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikehu paʻa o ka paʻa Si-O (444J/mol) ma mua o ka mea paʻa CC (339J/mol), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wela o nā mea silicone ma mua o nā pūhui polymer organik.
Ka ʻike ʻana o ka silicone:
Hiki ke huli ʻia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka silicone i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20. I nā lā mua, ua hoʻopili maikaʻi nā ʻepekema i ka silicone ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hui organik i loko o nā pūhui silika. Ua wehe kēia ʻike i kahi au hou o nā mea silicone a kau i ke kumu no kāna noi ākea i ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻepekema. ʻO ka synthesis a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka silicone ua holomua nui i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, e hāpai ana i ka hoʻomau mau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia mea.
ʻO nā silicones maʻamau:
ʻO Silicones kahi papa o nā pūhui polymer i ʻike nui ʻia ma ke ʻano a me ka synthesis artificial, me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā hale. Eia kekahi mau laʻana o nā silicones maʻamau:
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS): ʻO PDMS kahi elastomer silicone maʻamau, loaʻa maʻamau i loko o ka silicone rubber. Loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻololi maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau, nā mea lapaʻau, nā lubricants, etc.
ʻO ka aila silikoni: ʻO ka ʻaila silika he hui silicone linear me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana maʻamau i nā lubricants, nā huahana mālama ʻili, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Silicone Resin: Silicone resin he mea polymer i haku ʻia me nā hui waikawa silicic me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me nā waiwai insulation uila. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā uhi, adhesives, electronic packaging, etc.
ʻO Silicone Rubber: ʻO ka pahu silikoni kahi mea silikoni e like me ka lāʻau me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ka pale ʻana i ka wā, ka insulation uila a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā apo, nā lima pale kaula a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻike kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i ka ʻokoʻa o nā silicones. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko lākou ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole a loaʻa iā lākou ka laulā o nā noi mai ka ʻoihana a hiki i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Hōʻike pū kēia i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā silicones ma ke ʻano he mea hana kiʻekiʻe.
Nā Pono Hana
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pūhui kalapona kalapona maʻamau, ʻo organosiloxane (Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) kekahi mau pono hana kūikawā, e hōʻike ana i ka hana maikaʻi loa i nā noi he nui. Eia kekahi mau pono hana o ka organosiloxane ma mua o nā pūhui kalapona maʻamau:
Kūleʻa wela kiʻekiʻe: ʻO Organosiloxane ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke ʻano o nā paʻa silicon-oxygen e paʻa ai nā organosiloxanes i nā wela kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e decompose, e hāʻawi ana i nā pono no kāna noi ʻana i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, hiki i nā pūhui kalapona kalapona maʻamau ke hoʻoheheʻe a nalowale paha ka hana ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa: Organosiloxane hōʻike i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, kahi e loaʻa ai ka pulu maikaʻi a me ka lubricity. Hana kēia waiwai i ka aila silicone (kahi ʻano organosiloxane) i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lubricants, nā huahana mālama ʻili a me nā mea lapaʻau.
ʻO ka hoʻololi a me ka elasticity: Hāʻawi ka molecular structure o organosiloxane iā ia i ka loli maikaʻi a me ka elasticity, e lilo ia i koho kūpono no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea hao a me nā mea elastic. Hana maikaʻi kēia i ka silicone rubber i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā apo sealing, nā mea elastic, etc.
ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe uila: Hōʻike ʻo Organosiloxane i nā waiwai insulation uila maikaʻi loa, kahi e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai i ke kahua uila. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Silicone resin (kahi ʻano o ka siloxane) i nā mea hoʻopihapiha uila e hāʻawi i ka insulation uila a pale i nā mea uila.
Biocompatibility: He kiʻekiʻe ko Organosiloxane me nā mea olaola a no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kahua biomedical. No ka laʻana, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka silicone rubber no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ke silicone lapaʻau no nā ʻano hana, nā catheters olakino, etc.
Paʻa kemika: Hōʻike nā organosiloxanes i ke kūpaʻa kemika kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion maikaʻi i nā kemika he nui. ʻAe kēia i kāna noi i ka ʻoihana kemika e hoʻonui ʻia, e like me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pahu kemika, nā paipu a me nā mea sila.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā waiwai like ʻole o nā organosiloxanes ma mua o nā pūhui kalapona kalapona maʻamau, e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana koʻikoʻi i nā kahua he nui e like me ka lubrication, sealing, medical and electronics.
ʻO ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau o nā monomers organosilicon
Ke ala pololei: Synthesize i nā mea organosilicon ma ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana i ke silikona me nā mea hoʻohuihui.
ʻO ke ala pololei ʻole: E hoʻomākaukau i ka organosilicon ma o ka haki ʻana, polymerization a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o nā pūhui silika.
ʻO ka hana polymerization Hydrolysis: E hoʻomākaukau i ka organosilicon ma ka hydrolysis polymerization o ka silanol a i ʻole ka waiʻona silane.
Ke ʻano hana copolymerization gradient: Synthesize i nā mea organosilicon me nā waiwai kikoʻī e ka copolymerization gradient. 、
ʻO ke ʻano o ka mākeke Organosilicon
Ke hoʻonui nei i ka noi ma nā ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe: Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, ke piʻi nei ke koi no ka organosilicon me nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa corrosion a me ka insulation uila.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka mākeke lāʻau lapaʻau: Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka silicone i ka hana lāʻau lapaʻau, a hui pū ʻia me ka biocompatibility, lawe mai ia i nā mea hou i ke kahua o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoʻomohala hoʻomau: ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻike kaiapuni e hāpai i ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea silicone, e like me ke silicone biodegradable, e hoʻokō i ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau.
Ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kahua noi hou: Ke hoʻomau nei nā kahua noi hou, e like me ka uila uila, nā mea optoelectronic, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hāpai i ka hana hou a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mākeke silicone.
Aʻoaʻo a me nā pilikia e hiki mai ana
Ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka silicone hana:I ka pane ʻana i nā pono o nā ʻoihana like ʻole, e uku nui ʻia ka silicone i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e like me nā uhi silicone hana, me nā waiwai kūikawā e like me nā antibacterial a me nā waiwai conductive.
Ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka silicone biodegradable:Me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ʻike kaiapuni, e lilo ka noiʻi ʻana i nā mea silicone biodegradable i alakaʻi hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi.
Hoʻohana i ka nano silicone: Ke hoʻohana nei i ka nanotechnology, noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nano silicone e hoʻonui i kāna noi ma nā kula kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau: No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka silicone, e hoʻonui ʻia ka nānā ʻana i nā ala ʻenehana ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kaiapuni i ka wā e hiki mai ana e hōʻemi i ka hopena i ke kaiapuni.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-15-2024