ʻO PU ka pōkole o polyurethane ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, a ʻo ka inoa kemika ma ka ʻōlelo Kina ʻo "polyurethane". ʻO ka ʻili PU he ʻili i hana ʻia me ka polyurethane. Hoʻohana nui ia i ka hoʻonani ʻana i nā ʻeke, nā lole, nā kāmaʻa, nā kaʻa a me nā lako. Ua ʻike nui ʻia e ka mākeke. ʻAʻole hiki ke māʻona i kāna ʻano nui o nā noi, ka nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole e ka ʻili kūlohelohe kuʻuna. ʻOkoʻa ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili PU, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili PU maikaʻi ma mua o ka ʻili maoli.
Ma Kina, ua maʻa ka poʻe i ke kāhea ʻana i ka ʻili ʻili i hana ʻia me ka resin PU ma ke ʻano he mea maka PU ʻili ʻili (PU ʻili no ka pōkole); ʻili ʻili i hana ʻia me ka resin PU a me nā lole i ulana ʻole ʻia e like me nā mea maka i kapa ʻia ʻo PU synthetic leather (synthetic leather no ka pōkole). He mea maʻamau ka hui pū ʻana i nā ʻano ʻili ʻekolu i luna e like me ka ʻili synthetic.
ʻO ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic kekahi mea nui o ka ʻoihana plastics a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole o ka ʻoihana aupuni. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic he mōʻaukala ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 mau makahiki o ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma ka honua. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kina e hoʻomohala a hana i ka ʻili ʻili i ka makahiki 1958. He ʻoihana ia i hoʻomohala ma mua i ka ʻoihana plastics o Kina. ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻili ʻili a me ka ʻili synthetic o Kina ʻaʻole wale ka ulu ʻana o nā laina hana hana o nā ʻoihana hana, hoʻonui ka huahana huahana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kala e hoʻonui i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ʻo ke kaʻina hana hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna hui ʻoihana ponoʻī. , ka mea i hui pū ʻia, i hiki ai i ka ʻili hana o Kina ke lilo i , hui ʻili synthetic, me nā ʻoihana pili, ua hoʻonohonoho pū a hoʻomohala i kahi ʻoihana me ka ikaika nui.
Ma hope o ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, ua hoʻokō ka ʻili synthetic PU i ka holomua ʻenehana ma ke ʻano he pani kūpono no ka ʻili maoli ma hope o 30 mau makahiki o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana e nā poʻe ʻepekema a me nā loea.
ʻO ka uhi PU ma ka ʻili o nā lole i ʻike mua ʻia ma ka mākeke i nā makahiki 1950. I ka makahiki 1964, ua hoʻokumu ka Hui DuPont ʻAmelika i kahi ʻili synthetic PU no nā kāmaʻa luna. Ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi hui Iapana i kahi laina hana me ka puka makahiki o 600,000 square meters, ma hope o 20 mau makahiki o ka noiʻi mau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua ulu wikiwiki ka ʻili synthetic PU e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, nā ʻano like ʻole, a me nā huahana. Ke hoʻokokoke nei kāna hana i ka ʻili maoli, a ʻoi aku kekahi mau waiwai ma mua o ka ʻili maoli, a hiki i kahi paʻakikī ke ʻike ma waena o ka ʻili maoli a me ka hoʻopunipuni. He kūlana koʻikoʻi loa ia i ke ola o ke kanaka i kēlā me kēia lā.
I kēia lā, ʻo Iapana ka mea hana nui loa i ka ʻili synthetic. ʻO nā huahana o Kuraray, Teijin, Toray, Zhongbo a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka pae hoʻomohala honua i nā makahiki 1990. Ke ulu nei kāna hana fiber a me ka lole lole ʻole i ke ala o nā hopena ultra-fine, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā hopena kiʻekiʻe ʻole; ke ulu nei kāna hana PU i ke kuhikuhi o ka puʻu ʻana o PU a me ka wai emulsion PU, a ke hoʻonui mau nei nā māla noi huahana, e hoʻomaka ana mai nā kāmaʻa a me nā ʻeke Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ke kahua i nā kahua noi kūikawā ʻē aʻe e like me ka lole, nā pōpō, nā mea hoʻonaninani, etc., e uhi ana i na mea a pau o ke ola o na kanaka i kela la i keia la.
ʻO ka ʻili artificial ka mea pani mua loa no nā lole ʻili i haku ʻia. Hana ʻia ia me PVC me nā plasticizers a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe, calendered a hoʻohui ʻia i ka lole. ʻO nā mea maikaʻi he haʻahaʻa, nā kala momona a me nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā hemahema, ʻo ia ka paʻakikī a lilo i mea palupalu. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻili synthetic PU e hoʻololi i ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kumukūʻai ma mua o ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC. Ma keʻano o ka hoʻolālā kemika, ua kokoke ia i nā lole ʻili. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻohana i nā plasticizers e hoʻokō i nā waiwai palupalu, no laila ʻaʻole ia e lilo i paʻakikī a palupalu. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi o nā kala momona a me nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā lole ʻili. No laila, hoʻokipa ʻia e nā mea kūʻai.
Aia kekahi PU me ka ʻili. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hope ka papa lua o ka ʻili bipi, a ua uhi ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka resin PU ma luna o ka ʻili, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he kiʻi pipi. ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ua hana ʻia i loko o nā māka like ʻole, e like me ka ʻili pipi lua i lawe ʻia mai. Ma muli o kāna ʻenehana kū hoʻokahi, ka maikaʻi kūpaʻa, a me nā ʻano moʻolelo hou, he ʻili kiʻekiʻe ia, a ʻo kona kumukūʻai a me ka helu ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o ka ʻili maoli o ka papa mua. Loaʻa i nā ʻeke ʻili PU a me nā ʻeke ʻili maoli ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī. He hiʻohiʻona nani nā ʻeke ʻili PU, maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana, a he mea maʻalahi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻaʻahu a maʻalahi ke haki. He pipiʻi a paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻeke ʻili maoli, akā paʻa lākou.
ʻElua mau ala e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā lole ʻili mai ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC a me ka ʻili synthetic PU: ʻo kekahi ka palupalu a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili, palupalu loa ka ʻili maoli a paʻakikī ka PU, no laila hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo PU i nā kāmaʻa ʻili; ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ahi a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ʻO ke ala e ʻike ai ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana lole liʻiliʻi a kau i ke ahi. ʻAʻole e heheʻe ka lole ʻili, akā e hoʻoheheʻe ka ʻili ʻili PVC a me ka ʻili synthetic PU.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC a me ka ʻili synthetic PU ma ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka ʻaila. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻāpana lole liʻiliʻi, hoʻokomo i loko o ka ʻaila no ka hapalua hola, a laila lawe i waho. Inā he ʻili hana PVC, e lilo ia i mea paʻakikī a palupalu. ʻAʻole e lilo ka ʻili synthetic PU i paʻakikī a palupalu.
pilikia
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ʻili kūlohelohe i ka hana ʻana i nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā a me nā huahana ʻoihana ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kūlohelohe maikaʻi loa. Eia nō naʻe, me ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua, ua pāpālua ʻia ka makemake o ke kanaka no ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō hou i kēia koi i ka palena o ka ʻili maoli. I mea e hoʻoholo ai i kēia kū'ē'ē, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻepekema e noiʻi a hoʻomohala i ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic i nā makahiki i hala aku nei e hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema o ka ʻili maoli. ʻO ka mōʻaukala noiʻi ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau makahiki ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻili kūlohelohe a me ka ʻili synthetic e hoʻokūkū nei i ka ʻili maoli.
Ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe ʻepekema ma ke aʻo ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka haku mele a me ka hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka ʻili maoli, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka nitrocellulose varnish, a laila neʻe aku i ka ʻili kūlohelohe PVC, ʻo ia ka huahana mua o ka ʻili hana. Ma kēia kumu, ua hana nā ʻepekema i nā hoʻomaikaʻi a me ka ʻimi ʻana, ʻo ka mea mua ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mea kumu, a laila ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka resin coating. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomohala nā lole synthetic fiber non-woven i nā kaʻina hana e like me ke kuʻi ʻana i ka nila a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka mea i hāʻawi i ke kumu kumu i kahi ʻāpana ʻāpana lotus a me ke ʻano hollow fiber, e loaʻa ana i kahi ʻano porous e kūlike me ka ʻano mesh o ka maoli. ʻili. Pono: ʻO ka papa o ka ʻili synthetic i kēlā manawa hiki ke loaʻa i kahi papa polyurethane me kahi ʻano pore maikaʻi, i like me ka ʻili palaoa o ka ʻili maoli, no laila ua kokoke kokoke ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o loko o ka ʻili synthetic PU i kēlā. ʻo ka ʻili maoli, a me nā waiwai kino ʻē aʻe i pili i ka ʻili maoli. index, a ʻoi aku ka mālamalama o ke kala ma mua o ka ʻili maoli; ʻO kona pale ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka lumi wela hiki ke piʻi ma mua o 1 miliona mau manawa, a ʻo kona pale ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa hiki ke piʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻili maoli.
ʻO ka puka ʻana mai o ka ʻili synthetic PU microfiber ke kolu o ka hanauna o ka ʻili artificial. ʻO ka lole i ulanaʻoleʻia me kāna pūnaewele hoʻolālāʻekolu e hana i nā kūlana no kaʻili synthetic e hopu i kaʻili maoli ma keʻano o ka mea kumu. Hoʻohui kēia huahana i ka ʻenehana hana hou i hoʻomohala ʻia o ka PU slurry impregnation a me ka papa honua composite me kahi hoʻolālā open-pore e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻāpana nui a me ka hoʻoheheʻe wai ikaika o nā fibers ultra-fine. ʻO ka ʻili maoli ʻo Collagen fiber ultra-fine i loaʻa i nā waiwai hygroscopic, no laila ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻili kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka microstructure kūloko, ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona, nā waiwai kino a me ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka poʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka ʻili synthetic microfiber ma mua o ka ʻili maoli ma ke ʻano o ke kūʻē kemika, ka like ʻana o ka maikaʻi, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana nui a me ka hoʻoili ʻana, ka wai wai, a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka mildew a me ka degeneration.
Ua hōʻoia ʻo Practice ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā waiwai maikaʻi o ka ʻili synthetic e ka ʻili maoli. Mai ka nānā ʻana i nā mākeke kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē, ua hoʻololi ka ʻili synthetic i ka ʻili maoli me ka lawa ʻole o nā kumuwaiwai. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili artificial a me ka ʻili synthetic e hoʻonani i nā ʻeke, nā lole, nā kāmaʻa, nā kaʻa a me nā lako i ʻike nui ʻia e ka mākeke. ʻAʻole hiki ke māʻona i kāna ʻano nui o nā noi, ka nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole e ka ʻili kūlohelohe kuʻuna.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻili kūlohelohe PU:
1. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe me ka wai a me ka mea holoi, e pale i ka holoi ʻana me ka ʻaila.
2.Mai maloʻo maʻemaʻe
3. Hiki ke holoi wale ʻia me ka wai, a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ka mahana holoi ma mua o 40 degere.
4. Mai hōʻike i ka lā
5. Mai hui pū me kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe organik
6. Pono e kau ʻia nā ʻeke ʻili PU i loko o nā ʻeke a ʻaʻole hiki ke pelu.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-11-2024